قارن الطرق

	البحث الإجرائي التشاركي (PAR)	النظرية المجذرة
المجال	نوعي	البحث النوعي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1940s (Lewin); PAR as distinct tradition formalised ~1970s–1980s	1967
صاحب الطريقة	Kurt Lewin (action research foundations, 1940s); systematised for participatory contexts by Orlando Fals Borda, Paulo Freire, and William Foote Whyte	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
النوع	Qualitative research method	Method
المصدر التأسيسي	Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). The Action Research Planner: Doing Critical Participatory Action Research. Springer.	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
الأسماء البديلة	PAR, community-based participatory research, collaborative action research, participatory inquiry	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
ذات صلة	6	3
الملخص	Participatory Action Research (PAR) is a qualitative, community-centred methodology in which researchers and community members collaborate as co-investigators to identify a shared problem, take deliberate action, observe outcomes, and reflect critically on results — cycling iteratively until meaningful change is achieved. Unlike conventional research that studies people from the outside, PAR treats participants as active agents who co-own the research process, the knowledge produced, and the practical interventions that follow.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.