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تقدير الفرق غير الخطي ذو الفروق المعممة (Nonlinear Difference GMM)×نظام GMM (أريلانو-بوفر / بلوندل-بوند)×
المجالالاقتصاد القياسيالاقتصاد القياسي
العائلةRegression modelRegression model
سنة النشأة1991–20101998
صاحب الطريقةWooldridge; building on Arellano and Bond (1991)Arellano & Bover (1995); Blundell & Bond (1998)
النوعNonlinear panel estimatorDynamic panel data estimator
المصدر التأسيسيWooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data (2nd ed.). MIT Press. ISBN: 9780262232586Arellano, M. & Bond, S. (1991). Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations. Review of Economic Studies, 58(2), 277-297. DOI ↗
الأسماء البديلةnonlinear diff-GMM, nonlinear Arellano-Bond GMM, first-difference nonlinear GMM, NL-GMMArellano-Bover estimator, Blundell-Bond estimator, dynamic panel GMM, Sistem GMM (Arellano-Bover / Blundell-Bond)
ذات صلة54
الملخصNonlinear Difference GMM extends the Arellano-Bond difference GMM estimator to models where the structural relationship between the outcome and its predictors is inherently nonlinear. By first-differencing to eliminate individual fixed effects and then applying GMM moment conditions with lagged levels as instruments, it consistently estimates parameters in dynamic panel settings without requiring a linear functional form.System GMM is a generalized method of moments estimator for dynamic panel models that contain a lagged dependent variable. Introduced by Blundell and Bond (1998), building on Arellano and Bover, it augments the differenced equation of the earlier difference GMM (Arellano-Bond) with the equation in levels to deliver consistent estimates when N is large and T is small.
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ScholarGateقارن الطرق: Nonlinear difference GMM · System GMM. استُرجع بتاريخ 2026-06-17 من https://scholargate.app/ar/compare