قارن الطرق

	تحليل التباين المختلط (Mixed ANOVA)	تحليل التغاير (ANCOVA)	تحليل التباين متعدد المتغيرات (MANOVA)	اختبار ت للعينات المزدوجة
المجال	الإحصاء	الإحصاء	الإحصاء	الإحصاء
العائلة	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سنة النشأة	1925	1932	1932	1908
صاحب الطريقة	R. A. Fisher (ANOVA framework); split-plot design formalised in agricultural experimentation	Ronald A. Fisher	Samuel Stanley Wilks (Wilks' Lambda, 1932); Roy, Hotelling, Pillai (mid-20th c.)	Student (W. S. Gosset)
النوع	Parametric factorial ANOVA	Parametric group comparison with covariate control	Parametric multivariate mean comparison	Parametric mean comparison (paired)
المصدر التأسيسي	Field, A. (2018). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (5th ed.). SAGE. ISBN: 978-1526419521	Tabachnick, B.G. & Fidell, L.S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (6th ed.). Pearson. ISBN: 978-0205849574	Tabachnick, B.G. & Fidell, L.S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (6th ed.). Pearson. ISBN: 978-0205849574	Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (4th ed.). SAGE. ISBN: 978-1446249185
الأسماء البديلة	split-plot ANOVA, mixed-design ANOVA, between-within ANOVA, Karma ANOVA (Mixed ANOVA — Gruplar Arası × Tekrarlı)	analysis of covariance, covariance analysis, ANCOVA (Kovaryans Analizi)	Multivariate ANOVA, Çok Değişkenli ANOVA (MANOVA)	dependent samples t-test, repeated measures t-test, matched-pairs t-test, eşleştirilmiş örneklem t-testi
ذات صلة	6	4	5	4
الملخص	Mixed ANOVA is a parametric factorial analysis of variance that simultaneously examines at least one between-subjects factor and at least one within-subjects (repeated-measures) factor. Rooted in R. A. Fisher's ANOVA framework formalised in 1925, it is the standard method for experimental and longitudinal designs in which different groups are each measured across multiple time points or conditions.	ANCOVA is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the adjusted means of two or more independent groups while statistically controlling for one or more continuous covariates. By removing the portion of outcome variance explained by the covariate, ANCOVA increases statistical precision and produces fairer group comparisons. The method builds on the general linear model framework consolidated by Fisher in the early 1930s and is described comprehensively by Tabachnick and Fidell (2013).	MANOVA is a parametric hypothesis test that simultaneously compares group means across multiple continuous dependent variables, controlling the inflation of Type I error that would result from running separate ANOVAs. Key multivariate test statistics — Wilks' Lambda, Pillai's Trace, Hotelling-Lawley Trace, and Roy's Greatest Root — were developed between the 1930s and 1950s, with Wilks' Lambda formalised by Samuel Stanley Wilks in 1932.	The paired samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares two measurements taken on the same subjects — such as a before and after reading — to decide whether the average change differs from zero. It rests on the t-distribution introduced by Student (W. S. Gosset) in 1908 and works on the within-subject difference scores rather than the raw measurements.