قارن الطرق

	تحليل تلوي	Systematic Review
المجال	الكتابة الأكاديمية	الكتابة الأكاديمية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1976	1992
صاحب الطريقة	Glass (1976, term coining); Fisher and Pearson (statistical foundations)	Cochrane Collaboration (1992)
النوع	Document Type	Document Type
المصدر التأسيسي	Page, M. J., et al. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71.	Page, M. J., et al. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71.
الأسماء البديلة	quantitative synthesis, meta-synthesis, pooled analysis, statistical integration	systematic literature review, evidence synthesis, scoping review, mapping review
ذات صلة	2	3
الملخص	Meta-analysis is the statistical pooling of quantitative findings from multiple independent studies to produce a combined effect estimate. By aggregating data across studies, meta-analysis increases statistical power, reduces random error, and provides a precise summary of an intervention's effectiveness or an association's magnitude. Gene V. Glass coined the term in 1976, formalizing a technique that has become indispensable for evidence synthesis in medicine, psychology, education, and other evidence-based disciplines.	A systematic review is a structured, transparent synthesis of all available evidence addressing a specific research question. Unlike narrative reviews, systematic reviews employ comprehensive database searches, predefined selection criteria, quality assessment, and rigorous reporting (PRISMA guideline). The Cochrane Collaboration (founded 1992) established this methodology as the gold standard for evidence synthesis in healthcare and social sciences.