قارن الطرق

	تحليل الفئات الكامنة (LCA)	نموذج راش
المجال	الإحصاء	القياس النفسي
العائلة	Latent structure	Latent structure
سنة النشأة	1950s–1968	1960
صاحب الطريقة	Paul F. Lazarsfeld	Georg Rasch
النوع	Latent variable / person-centered classification	Item Response Theory / Latent trait model
المصدر التأسيسي	Goodman, L. A. (1974). Exploratory latent structure analysis using both identifiable and unidentifiable models. Biometrika, 61(2), 215–231.	Rasch, G. (1960). Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests. Danish Institute for Educational Research, Copenhagen.
الأسماء البديلة	LCA, latent class model, latent categorical analysis, finite mixture of multinomials	1PL IRT, one-parameter logistic model, Rasch Modeli — 1PL IRT, 1PL model
ذات صلة	6	6
الملخص	Latent class analysis identifies unobserved subgroups — latent classes — within a population by finding patterns of responses across a set of categorical observed indicators. It is the categorical-variable counterpart of cluster analysis, but grounded in an explicit probabilistic model, and is widely used in social, health, and behavioral sciences to discover typologies in survey or diagnostic data.	The Rasch model, introduced by Georg Rasch in 1960, is the simplest member of the Item Response Theory (IRT) family. It assigns a single difficulty parameter to each test item and places both item difficulties and person abilities on the same logit scale, enabling direct, sample-independent comparison of items and persons.