قارن الطرق

	المعايرة الحرارية المتساوية الحرارة	التحسين الطيفي للرامان السطحي (SERS)
المجال	علم الطيف	علم الطيف
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1989	1974
صاحب الطريقة	Terrence Wiseman	Martin Fleischmann
النوع	Biophysical technique	Vibrational spectroscopy technique
المصدر التأسيسي	Wiseman, T., Williston, S., Brandts, J. F., & Lin, L. N. (1989). Rapid measurement of binding constants and heats of binding using a new titration calorimeter. Analytical Biochemistry, 179(1), 131-137.	Fleischmann, M., Hendra, P. J., & McQuillan, A. J. (1974). Raman spectra of pyridine adsorbed at a silver electrode. Chemical Physics Letters, 26(2), 163-166.
الأسماء البديلة	ITC, isothermal calorimetry, microcalorimetry	Surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS spectroscopy
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) is a thermodynamic technique that measures heat released or absorbed during biomolecular binding events at constant temperature. Developed by Wiseman and colleagues in 1989, ITC directly determines binding affinity (Kd), enthalpy (ΔH), and entropy (ΔS) in a single experiment, making it one of the most comprehensive methods for characterizing molecular interactions without requiring labels or immobilization.	Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) amplifies weak Raman signals by many orders of magnitude when analyte molecules are adsorbed on specially prepared metal (typically silver or gold) nanostructured surfaces. Discovered by Fleischmann, Hendra, and McQuillan in 1974, SERS enables detection of vibrational signatures of single molecules and ultra-trace contaminants, revolutionizing analytical chemistry and forensics.