قارن الطرق

	اختبار حدود فورييه ARDL	نموذج الانحدار الذاتي غير الخطي (NARDL)
المجال	الاقتصاد القياسي	الاقتصاد القياسي
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	2001-2021	2014
صاحب الطريقة	Pesaran, Shin & Smith (ARDL foundation); Fourier extension by Nazlioglu and related authors	Shin, Yu & Greenwood-Nimmo
النوع	Cointegration / bounds test	Nonlinear cointegration model
المصدر التأسيسي	Nazlioglu, S., Gormus, A., & Soytas, U. (2021). Oil prices and monetary policy in emerging markets: structural breaks, asymmetries, and Fourier approximations. Energy Economics, 95, 105119.	Shin, Y., Yu, B., & Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014). Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDL framework. In R. C. Sickles & W. C. Horrace (Eds.), Festschrift in Honor of Peter Schmidt: Econometric Methods and Applications (pp. 281–314). Springer.
الأسماء البديلة	Fourier ARDL, Fourier bounds testing, ARDL with Fourier approximation, F-ARDL cointegration test	NARDL, nonlinear bounds test, asymmetric ARDL, asymmetric cointegration model
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	The Fourier ARDL bounds test augments the Pesaran-Shin-Smith cointegration framework with trigonometric (Fourier) terms that capture gradual, smooth structural breaks in the data-generating process. It tests for a long-run level relationship between variables without requiring the researcher to specify the number, timing, or form of structural breaks in advance.	The Nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) model extends the linear ARDL bounds-testing framework to allow asymmetric long-run and short-run relationships. By decomposing the regressor into cumulative positive and negative partial sums, it tests whether increases and decreases in a variable exert different effects on the outcome — a feature especially relevant in financial and energy economics where positive and negative shocks rarely cancel out symmetrically.