قارن الطرق

	مسح المسافات	مصفوفة ليزلي
المجال	علم البيئة	علم البيئة
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1993	1945
صاحب الطريقة	Stephen Buckland	Patrick Leslie
النوع	population abundance estimation	structured population dynamics
المصدر التأسيسي	Buckland, S. T., Anderson, D. R., Burnham, K. P., Laake, J. L., Borchers, D. L., & Thomas, L. (1993). Distance Sampling: Estimating Abundance of Biological Populations. Chapman and Hall, London.	Leslie, P. H. (1945). On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics. Biometrika, 33(3), 183-212.
الأسماء البديلة	line transect, point transect, distance estimation, detection probability	Leslie model, age-structured population model, matrix population model, population dynamics
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	Distance sampling is a statistical method for estimating population abundance from data on distances between observers and detected individuals. Developed by Buckland and colleagues (1993) and formalized in the software Distance, this approach accounts for imperfect detection: animals far from an observer are less likely to be detected. By modeling the detection function (probability of detecting an animal at various distances), distance sampling produces unbiased estimates of abundance and density even when detection is incomplete.	The Leslie matrix is a deterministic model of age-structured population dynamics, introduced by Patrick Leslie (1945). It projects population size and structure forward in time using age-specific fertility and survival rates. A Leslie matrix encodes these vital rates in a square matrix; multiplying the matrix by a population vector yields the population's composition at the next time step. This approach enables calculation of the population's asymptotic growth rate (λ), identification of stable age structure, and sensitivity analysis—understanding which vital rates most strongly influence population growth.