قارن الطرق

	إعادة البناء بالتحليل بالتبريد الإلكتروني	بحث HMMER Profile
المجال	المعلوماتية الحيوية	المعلوماتية الحيوية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1975	1994
صاحب الطريقة	Joachim Frank	Sean Eddy
النوع	Image reconstruction pipeline	Probabilistic sequence search pipeline
المصدر التأسيسي	Frank, J. (2002). Single-particle imaging of macromolecules by cryo-electron microscopy. Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure, 31, 303-319.	Krogh, A., Brown, M., Mian, I. S., Sjölander, K., & Haussler, D. (1994). Hidden Markov models in computational biology: applications to protein modeling. Journal of Molecular Biology, 235(5), 1501-1531.
الأسماء البديلة	cryo-electron microscopy, cryo-EM, single-particle cryo-EM	profile-hidden Markov model, HMM profile search, HMMER
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) determines three-dimensional macromolecular structures at atomic or near-atomic resolution by imaging proteins frozen in vitreous ice. Pioneered by Frank, Henderson, and others, this technique has revolutionized structural biology by enabling visualization of large, non-crystallizable complexes and capturing functional conformational states.	HMMER profile search identifies distant protein sequence homologs using probabilistic models of protein families, known as profile Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Developed by Eddy and colleagues, this method captures sequence variation patterns within protein families and detects homologs with far greater sensitivity than position-weight matrices or pairwise alignment.