قارن الطرق
راجع الطرق التي اخترتها جنبًا إلى جنب؛ الصفوف المختلفة مميَّزة.
| مقياس مركز دراسات الأوبئة للاكتئاب (CES-D)× | مقاييس الاكتئاب والقلق والتوتر-21 (DASS-21)× | استبيان الصحة العامة-12 (GHQ-12)× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| المجال | علم النفس السريري | علم النفس السريري | علم النفس السريري |
| العائلة | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سنة النشأة≠ | 1977 | 1995 | 1992 |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Lenore Sawyer Radloff | Stephen H. Lovibond and Peter F. Lovibond | David P. Goldberg |
| النوع≠ | Community-based depression assessment | Three-dimensional mental health screening | Psychiatric symptom screening |
| المصدر التأسيسي≠ | Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401. DOI ↗ | Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Psychology Foundation of Australia. link ↗ | Goldberg, D. P. (1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire. Oxford University Press. link ↗ |
| الأسماء البديلة≠ | CES-D, CESD | DASS-21, DASS, DASS-42 | GHQ-12, GHQ |
| ذات صلة | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| الملخص≠ | The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item self-report instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in the general population. Developed by Lenore Radloff in 1977, the CES-D was designed for epidemiological research to rapidly identify depression in community samples. It remains a widely used measure in public health, aging research, and longitudinal cohort studies worldwide. | The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) is a 21-item self-report instrument measuring three correlated but distinct dimensions of psychological distress: depression, anxiety, and stress. Developed by Lovibond and Lovibond in 1995, the DASS-21 is a short form of the original 42-item DASS. It has become widely used in research and clinical settings for its brevity, multidimensional structure, and strong psychometric properties. | The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) is a brief, 12-item self-report screening instrument for psychological distress and mental health problems in the general population. Developed by David P. Goldberg, the GHQ-12 is the most widely used short form of the longer General Health Questionnaire series. It is designed for rapid detection of minor psychiatric morbidity and assessment of psychological well-being in clinical, occupational health, and community settings. |
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