قارن الطرق
راجع الطرق التي اخترتها جنبًا إلى جنب؛ الصفوف المختلفة مميَّزة.
| مقياس مركز دراسات الأوبئة للاكتئاب (CES-D)× | مقاييس الاكتئاب والقلق والتوتر-21 (DASS-21)× | |
|---|---|---|
| المجال | علم النفس السريري | علم النفس السريري |
| العائلة | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سنة النشأة≠ | 1977 | 1995 |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Lenore Sawyer Radloff | Stephen H. Lovibond and Peter F. Lovibond |
| النوع≠ | Community-based depression assessment | Three-dimensional mental health screening |
| المصدر التأسيسي≠ | Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401. DOI ↗ | Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Psychology Foundation of Australia. link ↗ |
| الأسماء البديلة≠ | CES-D, CESD | DASS-21, DASS, DASS-42 |
| ذات صلة | 5 | 5 |
| الملخص≠ | The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item self-report instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in the general population. Developed by Lenore Radloff in 1977, the CES-D was designed for epidemiological research to rapidly identify depression in community samples. It remains a widely used measure in public health, aging research, and longitudinal cohort studies worldwide. | The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) is a 21-item self-report instrument measuring three correlated but distinct dimensions of psychological distress: depression, anxiety, and stress. Developed by Lovibond and Lovibond in 1995, the DASS-21 is a short form of the original 42-item DASS. It has become widely used in research and clinical settings for its brevity, multidimensional structure, and strong psychometric properties. |
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