قارن الطرق

	الإحصاء الوصفي البايزي	تحليل حجم التأثير
المجال	الإحصاء	الإحصاء
العائلة	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سنة النشأة	1763/1812	1969 (first edition); 1988 (definitive second edition)
صاحب الطريقة	Thomas Bayes / Pierre-Simon Laplace	Jacob Cohen
النوع	Bayesian parameter estimation	Standardized magnitude estimation
المصدر التأسيسي	Gelman, A., Carlin, J. B., Stern, H. S., Dunson, D. B., Vehtari, A., & Rubin, D. B. (2013). Bayesian Data Analysis (3rd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN: 978-1439840955	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805802832
الأسماء البديلة	Bayesian summaries, posterior descriptives, Bayesian parameter estimation, credible-interval summaries	effect magnitude estimation, standardized effect measure, practical significance analysis, ES analysis
ذات صلة	5	4
الملخص	Bayesian descriptive statistics summarizes data by combining observed information with prior knowledge through Bayes' theorem, yielding posterior distributions over parameters such as the mean and variance. Instead of point estimates and p-values, results are expressed as posterior means, medians, and credible intervals that carry a direct probability interpretation.	Effect size analysis quantifies the practical magnitude of a statistical result independently of sample size. Rather than asking only whether a difference or relationship is statistically significant, it asks how large it is, using standardized indices such as Cohen's d, eta-squared, omega-squared, or Pearson's r that allow direct comparison across studies and populations.