方法证据记录
Retrospective Ecological Study
A retrospective ecological study examines associations between exposures and outcomes using pre-existing aggregate data from defined populations or geographic units. Rather than following individual subjects, the unit of analysis is a group — a country, region, or time period — and all measurements come from historical records already collected before the study began. It is a rapid, low-cost way to generate hypotheses about environmental, social, or policy determinants of disease at the population level.
源记录
引文逐字复制自方法源记录。这些引文不代表任何层级的验证。
Retrospective Ecological Epidemiological Study
分类方法记录 · process-pipeline / epidemiology
- Morgenstern, H. (1998). Ecologic studies. In K. J. Rothman & S. Greenland (Eds.), Modern Epidemiology (2nd ed., pp. 459–480). Lippincott-Raven. · URL
- Ecological study. Wikipedia. · URL
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