方法证据记录
Retrospective Case Series
A retrospective case series is an observational study that systematically describes the clinical features, treatments, and outcomes of a defined group of patients by examining pre-existing medical records or administrative data. It looks backward in time — data have already been recorded before the study begins. With no control group, no randomization, and no prospective follow-up, it sits near the base of the evidence hierarchy but remains one of the most practical and frequently published study designs in clinical medicine.
源记录
引文逐字复制自方法源记录。这些引文不代表任何层级的验证。
Retrospective Case Series Study
分类方法记录 · process-pipeline / epidemiology
- Kooistra, B., Dijkman, B., Einhorn, T. A., & Bhandari, M. (2009). How to design a good case series. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 91(Suppl 3), 21–26. · DOI 10.2106/JBJS.H.01573
- Mayer, D. (2010). Essential Evidence-Based Medicine (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. Chapter on study designs. · ISBN 9780521712415
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