So sánh phương pháp

	Đánh giá lỗ hổng bảo mật	Phương pháp kiểm thử xâm nhập
Lĩnh vực	Mật mã học	Mật mã học
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	2002	2008
Người khởi xướng	National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)	National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), OWASP
Loại	Vulnerability identification and prioritization	Authorized security exploit and assessment
Công trình gốc	National Institute of Standards and Technology (2012). Guide for Conducting Security Patch Management Activities. NIST Special Publication 800-40 Revision 3.	National Institute of Standards and Technology (2008). Penetration Testing and Security Testing. NIST Special Publication 800-115.
Tên gọi khác	Vulnerability Scanning, Security Assessment, Risk Assessment	Pen Testing, Ethical Hacking, Security Testing
Liên quan	3	3
Tóm tắt	Vulnerability assessment is a systematic process of identifying, quantifying, and prioritizing security weaknesses in systems, networks, and applications. Using automated scanning tools and manual techniques, organizations discover unpatched software, misconfigurations, weak cryptographic practices, and other exposures that attackers could exploit.	Penetration testing is an authorized, controlled simulated attack on systems, networks, and applications to evaluate their security defenses. Unlike vulnerability assessment (which identifies weaknesses), penetration testing actively exploits vulnerabilities to demonstrate real-world impact, confirm exploitability, and assess an organization's incident response capabilities.