So sánh phương pháp

	Hiện tượng học siêu nghiệm	Phân tích diễn ngôn	Phân tích Tường thuật
Lĩnh vực	Định tính	Nghiên cứu định tính	Định tính
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1900–1913 (Ideas I, 1913)	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)	1967 (foundational); 2008 (canonical handbook)
Người khởi xướng	Edmund Husserl	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell	Catherine Kohler Riessman (seminal synthesis, 2008); roots in Labov & Waletzky (1967)
Loại	Qualitative research method	Method	Qualitative interpretive method
Công trình gốc	Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological Research Methods. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803957466	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.	Riessman, C.K. (2008). Narrative Methods for the Human Sciences. Sage.
Tên gọi khác	Husserlian phenomenology, eidetic phenomenology, transcendental-phenomenological research, pure phenomenology	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis	narrative inquiry, life history analysis, biographical research, Anlatı Analizi (Narrative Analysis)
Liên quan	6	2	6
Tóm tắt	Transcendental phenomenology, founded by Edmund Husserl, is a qualitative method that seeks the universal essential structures — the invariant essences — of a consciously lived experience. By bracketing all assumptions and prior theories (epoché) and applying eidetic reduction, the researcher uncovers what an experience is in its purest, most fundamental form, independent of any particular context, culture, or individual biography. Clark Moustakas's 1994 adaptation made the method directly accessible to social-science researchers.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.	Narrative analysis is a qualitative research method, synthesised canonically by Catherine Kohler Riessman (2008), that examines how individuals storise their lived experiences and construct meaning through the telling. Drawing on life history, biographical, and narrative inquiry traditions, it treats the story itself — not just its content — as the unit of analysis, attending to temporal sequence, plot structure, and the social context in which a narrative is produced.