So sánh phương pháp

	Phân đoạn văn bản	Nhận dạng ngôn ngữ (LID)	Mô hình ngôn ngữ N-gram	TF-IDF
Lĩnh vực	Khai phá văn bản	Khai phá văn bản	Khai phá văn bản	Khai phá văn bản
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1997	—	—	1988
Người khởi xướng	Marti A. Hearst (TextTiling)	—	—	Salton & Buckley
Loại	NLP document-structure / topic-boundary detection	NLP text-classification task	Statistical language model	Text vectorization / term-weighting scheme
Công trình gốc	Hearst, M.A. (1997). TextTiling: Segmenting Text into Multi-Paragraph Subtopic Passages. Computational Linguistics, 23(1), 33-64.	Lui, M. & Baldwin, T. (2012). langid.py: An Off-the-shelf Language Identification Tool. Proceedings of the ACL 2012 System Demonstrations.	Jurafsky, D. & Martin, J.H. (2023). Speech and Language Processing, 3rd ed.	Salton, G. & Buckley, C. (1988). Term-weighting approaches in automatic text retrieval. Information Processing & Management, 24(5), 513-523.
Tên gọi khác	topic segmentation, discourse segmentation, linear text segmentation, Metin Bölümleme (Text Segmentation)	language detection, LID, Dil Tanımlama (Language Identification)	n-gram model, statistical language model, N-gram Dil Modeli	term weighting, tf-idf weighting, TF-IDF Vektörizasyonu
Liên quan	4	4	4	3
Tóm tắt	Text segmentation divides a long document into meaningful sections (segments) along topic or discourse boundaries. Introduced for subtopic passages by Marti A. Hearst's TextTiling (1997), it supports document-structure analysis and the detection of topic transitions in continuous text.	Language identification is a natural-language-processing task that automatically detects which language a piece of text is written in. Building on off-the-shelf tools such as langid.py (Lui & Baldwin, 2012) and the efficient classifiers of Joulin et al. (2017), it is widely used to preprocess and filter multilingual data sets.	An n-gram language model is a statistical model that predicts the probability of the next word by looking only at the previous n−1 words. Described in detail by Jurafsky and Martin (Speech and Language Processing), it provides foundational infrastructure for text generation, spelling correction, and speech recognition.	TF-IDF, introduced by Salton and Buckley (1988), is a term-weighting scheme that scores each word in a document by how often it appears there and how rare it is across the whole collection. It turns raw text into weighted document vectors, giving high weight to terms that are frequent in one document but uncommon elsewhere.