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| Standardized Mortality Ratio× | Phân tích Bàn Lập Sinh Mệnh (Life Table Analysis)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Nhân khẩu học | Nhân khẩu học |
| Họ≠ | Process / pipeline | Survival analysis |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 1987 | 1984 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Classical vital-statistics method (formalized by Breslow & Day) | Demographic/actuarial tradition; Chiang |
| Loại≠ | Ratio of observed to expected deaths under a standard rate schedule | Age-structured mortality estimator |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512 | Chiang, C. L. (1984). The Life Table and Its Applications. Robert E. Krieger Publishing. ISBN: 978-0-89874-565-2 |
| Tên gọi khác≠ | SMR, Standardised Mortality Ratio, Indirectly Standardized Mortality Ratio | Mortality Table, Actuarial Table, Survival Table, Yaşam Tablosu |
| Liên quan≠ | 4 | 3 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) compares the number of deaths actually observed in a study population with the number that would be expected if that population had experienced a standard set of age-specific death rates. It is the central output of indirect standardization: a single ratio, usually multiplied by 100, that says whether a group's mortality is higher or lower than a reference after accounting for its age structure. Because it needs only the study group's age distribution and total deaths — not stable age-specific rates within the group — the SMR is the method of choice when the group is small or its age-specific deaths are sparse. | A life table is a systematic, age-structured summary of the mortality experience of a population. It traces a hypothetical cohort of births — conventionally 100,000 — through successive age intervals, recording how many survive, how many die, and how many person-years are lived at each interval. The method was formalized in its modern probabilistic form by Chiang (1984), synthesizing centuries of actuarial and demographic practice into a rigorous statistical framework applicable to human and biological populations alike. |
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