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| Spatial Microsimulation× | Mô phỏng vi mô× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực≠ | Human Geography | Mô phỏng |
| Họ | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 2016 | 1957 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Developed in the IPF/microsimulation tradition; synthesized for geography by Lovelace & Dumont | Guy Orcutt (concept, 1957); modern tax-transfer frameworks developed through EUROMOD and related projects |
| Loại≠ | Method for generating and analysing synthetic individual-level populations within small areas | Policy simulation / computational social science |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Lovelace, R., & Dumont, M. (2016). Spatial Microsimulation with R. Chapman and Hall/CRC, Boca Raton. ISBN: 9781498711548 | O'Donoghue, C. (Ed.) (2014). Handbook of Microsimulation Modelling. Emerald. DOI ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác≠ | Small-Area Population Synthesis, Synthetic Population Generation, Geographical Microsimulation, Spatial Microdata Estimation | Mikrosimülasyon, micro-simulation, policy microsimulation |
| Liên quan≠ | 4 | 5 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | Spatial microsimulation is a family of techniques for generating realistic synthetic populations of individuals within small geographic areas, by combining detailed but geographically coarse survey microdata with geographically fine but aggregate census tables. It estimates, for every neighbourhood, a population of individuals whose collective characteristics match the published margins — the right number of each age, sex, income, and tenure group — even though no survey directly samples individuals at that fine scale. Synthesized for the geographic community in Robin Lovelace and Morgane Dumont's 2016 book, it bridges the gap between rich individual data and small-area aggregates so that policy and behaviour can be modelled where people actually live. | Microsimulation is a computational method that simulates policy effects by operating directly on a population of individual micro-units — households, firms, patients — and applying rules to each unit according to its own demographic, economic, and behavioural characteristics. Developed conceptually by Guy Orcutt in 1957, it has become the standard tool for evaluating tax reform, pension systems, and health policy before implementation. |
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