So sánh phương pháp

	Mô hình Tương tác Không gian (Trọng lực)	Phân tích Quyết định Đa Tiêu Chí dựa trên GIS (GIS-MCDA)	Mô hình Phân bổ-Địa điểm
Lĩnh vực	Phân tích không gian	Phân tích không gian	Phân tích không gian
Họ	Regression model	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1971	2006	1963
Người khởi xướng	Alan Wilson (entropy-maximizing family)	Jacek Malczewski (GIS-MCDA synthesis)	Leon Cooper; S. L. Hakimi
Loại	Model of flows between spatial origins and destinations	Spatial multi-criteria suitability/decision analysis	Spatial facility-location optimization
Công trình gốc	Wilson, A. G. (1971). A family of spatial interaction models, and associated developments. Environment and Planning A, 3(1), 1–32.	Malczewski, J. (2006). GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis: a survey of the literature. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 20(7), 703–726.	Cooper, L. (1963). Location-allocation problems. Operations Research, 11(3), 331–343.
Tên gọi khác	gravity model, spatial interaction model, competing destinations model, mekânsal etkileşim modeli	GIS-MCDM, spatial multi-criteria analysis, GIS-AHP, weighted overlay suitability	facility location, p-median problem, maximal covering location problem, yer-tahsis modelleri
Liên quan	4	4	4
Tóm tắt	Spatial interaction models predict the volume of flows — migrants, commuters, shoppers, trade, trips — between origins and destinations as a function of the size of each place and the distance or cost separating them. By analogy to Newton's gravity, interaction rises with the 'mass' of origin and destination and falls with separation, and Wilson's 1971 entropy-maximizing family put these models on a rigorous footing for transport, migration, and retail analysis.	GIS-MCDA combines the map layers of a geographic information system with multi-criteria decision analysis to produce suitability or priority maps — ranking locations by how well they satisfy several weighted criteria at once. It is the standard framework for spatial decisions such as siting hospitals, solar farms, landfills, or evacuation areas, integrating methods like AHP, TOPSIS, and weighted overlay with spatial data.	Location-allocation models decide where to place a set of facilities and simultaneously assign demand points to them so as to optimize an objective such as total travel cost, worst-case distance, or population covered. Rooted in the operations-research work of Cooper (1963) and Hakimi (1964) and central to network GIS, they answer questions like where to site warehouses, hospitals, fire stations, or schools to best serve a spatially distributed population.