So sánh phương pháp

	Spatial Exposure Index	Spatial Gini Concentration Index
Lĩnh vực	Human Geography	Human Geography
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1954	1991
Người khởi xướng	Wendell Bell (P* indices); Douglas Massey & Nancy Denton (segregation dimensions)	Corrado Gini (coefficient); locational adaptation in regional science / economic geography
Loại	Segregation measure of the potential contact or isolation between population groups	Descriptive index of how unevenly an activity is distributed across space
Công trình gốc	Bell, W. (1954). A probability model for the measurement of ecological segregation. Social Forces, 32(4), 357–364.	Duncan, O. D., & Duncan, B. (1955). A methodological analysis of segregation indexes. American Sociological Review, 20(2), 210–217.
Tên gọi khác	Exposure Index, Isolation Index, P-star Index	Locational Gini Coefficient, Spatial Gini Index, Geographic Concentration Index, Gini Index of Spatial Inequality
Liên quan	4	4
Tóm tắt	The exposure and isolation indices, written P*, measure residential segregation as the degree of potential contact between population groups across the neighbourhoods of a region. Developed by Wendell Bell in 1954 and later codified by Massey and Denton in 1988 as the 'exposure' dimension of segregation, they answer a different question from evenness measures like the dissimilarity index: not how unevenly groups are distributed, but how much members of one group actually share neighbourhoods with members of another or only with their own. The interaction index gauges cross-group exposure while the isolation index gauges within-group concentration, each interpretable as a probability.	The spatial (or locational) Gini concentration index adapts the classic Gini coefficient to geography, summarizing in a single number between zero and one how unevenly an activity — an industry, a population group, a resource — is distributed across spatial units relative to a benchmark such as total population or land area. It is the workhorse measure for quantifying geographic concentration and agglomeration in economic geography.