So sánh phương pháp
Xem các phương pháp đã chọn cạnh nhau; những hàng khác biệt được làm nổi bật.
| Lấy mẫu ngẫu nhiên đơn giản× | Lấy mẫu phân tầng× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Phương pháp luận khảo sát | Phương pháp luận khảo sát |
| Họ | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Năm ra đời≠ | Early 20th century; systematized by Cochran 1953/1977 | 1977 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | William Gosset, Jerzy Neyman, and formalized by William Cochran | William G. Cochran |
| Loại≠ | Probability sampling design | Probability-based survey sampling design |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-16240-7 |
| Tên gọi khác | SRS, unrestricted random sampling, equal-probability sampling, EPSEM | Proportional Stratified Sampling, Optimal Allocation Sampling, Stratum-Based Sampling, Tabakalı Örnekleme |
| Liên quan≠ | 6 | 2 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | Simple random sampling (SRS) is the foundational probability sampling method in which every unit in the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. Because selection is governed purely by chance, SRS eliminates systematic bias, supports unbiased estimation of population parameters, and provides the statistical baseline against which all more complex probability designs are evaluated. | Stratified sampling is a probability sampling design in which the target population is partitioned into non-overlapping, exhaustive subgroups called strata, and independent probability samples are drawn within each stratum. Formalized by William G. Cochran in Sampling Techniques (1977), the method exploits known population structure to reduce variance and guarantee representativeness of all major subgroups, making it a cornerstone of large-scale survey research and official statistics. |
| ScholarGateBộ dữ liệu ↗ |
|
|