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| Kiểm định Siegel-Tukey về sự khác biệt về độ trải× | Kiểm định Fligner-Killeen về tính đồng nhất của phương sai× | Kiểm định U Mann-Whitney× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Thống kê | Thống kê | Thống kê |
| Họ≠ | Hypothesis test | Regression model | Hypothesis test |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 1960 | 1976 | 1947 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Sidney Siegel & John W. Tukey | Michael A. Fligner & Timothy J. Killeen | H. B. Mann & D. R. Whitney |
| Loại≠ | Nonparametric scale comparison | Rank-based test for homogeneity of variances | Nonparametric two-group comparison |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Siegel, S. & Tukey, J. W. (1960). A Nonparametric Sum of Ranks Procedure for Relative Spread in Unpaired Samples. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 55(291), 429–444. DOI ↗ | Fligner, M. A., & Killeen, T. J. (1976). Distribution-Free Two-Sample Tests for Scale. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 71(353), 210-213. DOI ↗ | Mann, H. B. & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60. DOI ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác | Siegel-Tukey rank test, nonparametric scale test, Siegel-Tukey Testi — Ölçek Farklılığı | Fligner-Killeen test of variance homogeneity, rank-based variance homogeneity test, Fligner-Killeen Varyans Homojenliği Testi | Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Mann-Whitney U Testi |
| Liên quan≠ | 2 | 5 | 4 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | The Siegel-Tukey test is a nonparametric hypothesis test that detects differences in variability (spread) between two independent groups whose central tendencies are equal or have been equalised. Introduced by Sidney Siegel and John W. Tukey in 1960, it is the nonparametric counterpart of Levene's test and requires no assumption of normality. | The Fligner-Killeen test is a rank-based test that checks whether several independent groups share the same variance (scale). Introduced by Fligner and Killeen in 1976, it does not require the data to be normally distributed, making it a robust nonparametric alternative to the Levene and Bartlett tests. | The Mann-Whitney U test is the nonparametric alternative to the independent samples t-test, comparing two independent groups by ranking all observations together rather than relying on their means. It was introduced by H. B. Mann and D. R. Whitney in 1947 and does not require the data to be normally distributed. |
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