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| Biến công cụ Dịch chuyển-Chia (Bartik Instrument)× | Biến công cụ thông qua Bình phương tối thiểu hai giai đoạn (IV/2SLS)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Suy luận nhân quả | Suy luận nhân quả |
| Họ | Regression model | Regression model |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 2020 | 2009 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Bartik (1991); identification framework by Goldsmith-Pinkham, Sorkin & Swift (2020) and Borusyak, Hull & Jaravel (2022) | Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment); Stock & Yogo (weak-instrument theory) |
| Loại≠ | Instrumental-variable design | Instrumental-variables regression |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Goldsmith-Pinkham, P., Sorkin, I. & Swift, H. (2020). Bartik Instruments: What, When, Why, and How. American Economic Review, 110(8), 2586–2624. DOI ↗ | Angrist, J. D. & Pischke, J. S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355 |
| Tên gọi khác≠ | Bartik instrument, shift-share instrument, Shift-Share Araç Değişkeni (Bartik Instrument) | instrumental variables, IV estimation, 2SLS, instrumental variable regression |
| Liên quan | 5 | 5 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | The shift-share instrumental variable, widely known as the Bartik instrument, is a causal-inference strategy that builds an instrument by interacting national or sector-level shocks (the shifts) with local composition weights (the shares). Its modern identification framework was set out by Goldsmith-Pinkham, Sorkin and Swift (2020) and Borusyak, Hull and Jaravel (2022). | IV/2SLS is a two-stage estimation method that recovers the causal effect of an endogenous regressor by isolating the part of its variation driven by an external instrument. It is the workhorse identification strategy in modern applied econometrics, developed at length in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics (2009). |
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