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| Phân tích Khu vực Dịch vụ× | Mô hình Phân bổ-Địa điểm× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Phân tích không gian | Phân tích không gian |
| Họ | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 2001 | 1963 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Harvey Miller & Shih-Lung Shaw | Leon Cooper; S. L. Hakimi |
| Loại≠ | Network GIS pipeline | Spatial facility-location optimization |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Miller, H. J., & Shaw, S.-L. (2001). Geographic Information Systems for Transportation: Principles and Applications. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0-19-512394-4 | Cooper, L. (1963). Location-allocation problems. Operations Research, 11(3), 331–343. DOI ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác | Isochrone Analysis, Network Catchment Area Analysis, Travel-Time Polygon Analysis, Hizmet Alanı Analizi | facility location, p-median problem, maximal covering location problem, yer-tahsis modelleri |
| Liên quan≠ | 3 | 4 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | Service Area Analysis delineates the geographic region reachable from one or more origin facilities within a specified travel cost — typically time, distance, or generalized impedance — by traversing a real road or transit network. It is widely used by urban planners, public health officials, logistics managers, and emergency response coordinators who need to understand actual accessibility rather than simple straight-line buffers. | Location-allocation models decide where to place a set of facilities and simultaneously assign demand points to them so as to optimize an objective such as total travel cost, worst-case distance, or population covered. Rooted in the operations-research work of Cooper (1963) and Hakimi (1964) and central to network GIS, they answer questions like where to site warehouses, hospitals, fire stations, or schools to best serve a spatially distributed population. |
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