So sánh phương pháp

	Schwartz Value Survey	Need for Closure Scale
Lĩnh vực	Tâm lý học chính trị	Tâm lý học chính trị
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1992	1994
Người khởi xướng	Shalom H. Schwartz	Donna M. Webster & Arie W. Kruglanski
Loại	Self-report values survey	Self-report individual-difference scale
Công trình gốc	Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 1-65.	Webster, D. M., & Kruglanski, A. W. (1994). Individual differences in need for cognitive closure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1049-1062.
Tên gọi khác	SVS, Schwartz Theory of Basic Values, Portrait Values Questionnaire	NFCS, Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, Webster-Kruglanski Scale
Liên quan	4	4
Tóm tắt	The Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) operationalizes Schwartz's (1992) theory of basic human values, which identifies ten (later refined to nineteen) motivationally distinct values organized in a circular structure along two axes: openness to change versus conservation, and self-enhancement versus self-transcendence. It is the most widely used cross-cultural values instrument and underlies much research on the value basis of political ideology.	The Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, developed by Webster and Kruglanski (1994), measures a stable individual difference in the desire for a firm, definite answer to a question and an aversion to ambiguity and uncertainty. High need for closure is a key epistemic-motivation construct in political psychology, linked to conservatism, prejudice, intolerance of dissent, and resistance to belief change.