So sánh phương pháp

	Kiểm định đồng liên kết Johansen mạnh mẽ	Kiểm định Đồng tích hợp Bảng Johansen
Lĩnh vực	Kinh tế lượng	Kinh tế lượng
Họ	Regression model	Regression model
Năm ra đời	1988–2010	2001
Người khởi xướng	Johansen (1988, 1991); robust extensions by Cavaliere, Rahbek, Taylor (2010) and others	Larsson, Lyhagen & Lothgren (building on Johansen 1988/1991)
Loại	Cointegration rank test (robust variant)	Panel cointegration test
Công trình gốc	Johansen, S. (1991). Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of Cointegration Vectors in Gaussian Vector Autoregressive Models. Econometrica, 59(6), 1551–1580.	Larsson, R., Lyhagen, J., & Lothgren, M. (2001). Likelihood-based cointegration tests in heterogeneous panels. Econometrics Journal, 4(1), 109–142.
Tên gọi khác	outlier-robust Johansen test, robust trace test, robust maximum eigenvalue test, robust cointegration rank test	panel Johansen test, Larsson-Lyhagen-Lothgren test, LLL panel cointegration, panel trace test
Liên quan	5	5
Tóm tắt	The Robust Johansen Cointegration test extends the classical Johansen (1988, 1991) likelihood-ratio framework for determining the cointegrating rank of a multivariate I(1) system to settings where standard Gaussian assumptions fail — in particular when the data exhibit outliers, fat-tailed innovations, or conditional heteroskedasticity. Robust modifications adjust residuals, re-weight observations, or bootstrap critical values so that rank inference remains valid under these violations.	The Panel Johansen cointegration test extends Johansen's maximum-likelihood framework to panel data, allowing researchers to test whether multiple non-stationary variables share long-run equilibrium relationships across cross-sectional units. It pools the likelihood-ratio statistics from individual Johansen tests and compares the standardised average against a standard normal distribution, yielding greater power than single-country approaches.