So sánh phương pháp

	Phân cụm phân cấp mạnh mẽ	Mở rộng quy mô đa chiều (MDS)
Lĩnh vực	Thống kê	Thống kê
Họ	Latent structure	Latent structure
Năm ra đời	1990	1952–1964
Người khởi xướng	Kaufman & Rousseeuw (building on Ward, 1963 and others)	Warren S. Torgerson (metric MDS, 1952); Joseph B. Kruskal (non-metric MDS, 1964)
Loại	Robust unsupervised clustering	Dimensionality reduction / visualization
Công trình gốc	Kaufman, L. & Rousseeuw, P. J. (1990). Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471878766	Kruskal, J. B. (1964). Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis. Psychometrika, 29(1), 1–27.
Tên gọi khác	robust agglomerative clustering, outlier-resistant hierarchical clustering, robust linkage clustering, RHC	MDS, metric MDS, non-metric MDS, proximity scaling
Liên quan	5	5
Tóm tắt	Robust hierarchical clustering extends classical agglomerative or divisive hierarchical clustering by replacing sensitive distance measures and linkage criteria with outlier-resistant alternatives, preserving cluster structure even when data contain anomalous observations or heavy-tailed distributions.	Multidimensional scaling maps objects described only by pairwise similarities or dissimilarities into a low-dimensional geometric space so that distances in that space reflect the original proximity structure as faithfully as possible. It is widely used to visualize the hidden structure of psychological, social, and behavioral data.