So sánh phương pháp

	Phân tích Kaplan-Meier điều chỉnh rủi ro	Trọng số Xác suất Nghịch đảo của Điều trị (IPW / IPTW)
Lĩnh vực	Dịch tễ học	Suy luận nhân quả
Họ	Process / pipeline	Regression model
Năm ra đời	2001–2004 (formal statistical framework for weighted KM curves)	2000
Người khởi xướng	Conceptual basis: Kaplan & Meier (1958); risk-adjustment via IPTW formalised by Hernán, Brumback & Robins (2001), with practical implementation by Cole & Hernán (2004)	Robins, Hernán & Brumback
Loại	Adjusted non-parametric survival method	Causal inference weighting estimator
Công trình gốc	Cole, S. R., & Hernan, M. A. (2004). Adjusted survival curves with inverse probability weights. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 75(1), 45–49.	Robins, J. M., Hernán, M. A., & Brumback, B. (2000). Marginal Structural Models and Causal Inference in Epidemiology. Epidemiology, 11(5), 550-560.
Tên gọi khác	weighted Kaplan-Meier, IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier, propensity-score-weighted survival curves, adjusted survival curves	IPW, IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting, marginal structural model weighting
Liên quan	5	5
Tóm tắt	Risk-adjusted Kaplan-Meier analysis combines the non-parametric Kaplan-Meier estimator with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) or similar risk-adjustment procedures to produce survival curves that are comparable across groups as if the groups had identical distributions of baseline confounders. It is the observational-study analogue of plotting survival curves from a randomised trial.	Inverse Probability Weighting is a causal-inference method that assigns each observation a weight equal to the inverse of its probability of receiving the treatment it actually received. Introduced by Robins, Hernán and Brumback (2000) for marginal structural models, it builds a pseudo-population in which treatment is independent of measured confounders, balancing selection bias.