So sánh phương pháp

	Nghiên cứu trường hợp-đối chứng lồng ghép hồi cứu	Nghiên cứu bệnh-chứng lồng ghép
Lĩnh vực	Dịch tễ học	Dịch tễ học
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1973 (formal description); widely adopted in epidemiology from 1980s onward	1973–1977
Người khởi xướng	Nested case-control formalized by Mantel (1973); retrospective application via historical cohort records	Nathan Mantel (1973); D. C. Thomas (1977 formalization)
Loại	Observational analytic study design	Hybrid observational study design
Công trình gốc	Mantel, N. (1973). Synthetic retrospective studies and related topics. Biometrics, 29(3), 479–486.	Thomas, D. C. (1977). Addendum to: Methods of cohort analysis: Appraisal by application to asbestos mining. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 140(4), 469–491.
Tên gọi khác	retrospective NCC, nested case-control within retrospective cohort, case-control nested in historical cohort, nested CCR	NCC study, nested CC design, case-control within cohort, density sampling case-control
Liên quan	5	6
Tóm tắt	A retrospective nested case-control study is an efficient observational design in which cases and matched controls are sampled from within an already-assembled retrospective cohort. Exposure data are retrieved from historical records only for selected participants, dramatically reducing data-collection costs while retaining most of the analytic power of the full cohort. It is widely used in pharmacoepidemiology, occupational health, and disease-registry research.	A nested case-control study is an efficient observational design embedded within a defined cohort. For each participant who develops the outcome of interest (a case), a small number of matched controls are sampled from those still at risk at the same point in time. This density-sampling strategy yields odds ratios that approximate incidence-rate ratios from the full cohort at a fraction of the data-collection cost — making it the preferred alternative when measuring exposures for all cohort members would be prohibitively expensive or technically demanding.