So sánh phương pháp

	Resource Curse Analysis	Dependency Analysis	Rent-Seeking Analysis
Lĩnh vực	Political Economy	Political Economy	Political Economy
Họ	Regression model	Process / pipeline	MCDM
Năm ra đời	2001	1966	1967
Người khởi xướng	Jeffrey Sachs & Andrew Warner (growth); Michael Ross (democracy)	Andre Gunder Frank; Fernando Henrique Cardoso & Enzo Faletto	Gordon Tullock & Anne Krueger
Loại	Cross-country regression analysis of resource dependence	Historical-structural development framework	Formal model of political-economic waste
Công trình gốc	Sachs, J. D., & Warner, A. M. (2001). Natural Resources and Economic Development: The Curse of Natural Resources. European Economic Review, 45(4-6), 827-838.	Cardoso, F. H., & Faletto, E. (1979). Dependency and Development in Latin America. University of California Press. ISBN: 9780520031937	Tullock, G. (1967). The Welfare Costs of Tariffs, Monopolies, and Theft. Western Economic Journal, 5(3), 224-232.
Tên gọi khác	Natural Resource Curse Analysis, Paradox of Plenty Analysis, Rentier State Analysis, Resource Dependence Regression	Dependency Theory, Dependencia Analysis, Center-Periphery Analysis, Underdevelopment Theory	Rent-Seeking Theory, Tullock Rent-Seeking Analysis, Rent-Seeking Contest Model, Directly Unproductive Profit-Seeking
Liên quan	3	4	4
Tóm tắt	Resource curse analysis is the empirical study of the paradox that economies rich in natural resources — oil, gas, minerals — often grow more slowly, remain less democratic, and suffer more conflict than resource-poor economies. Jeffrey Sachs and Andrew Warner's influential work, summarized in their 2001 European Economic Review article, documented a robust negative cross-country correlation between resource dependence and economic growth. Michael Ross's 2001 World Politics article extended the logic to politics, showing statistically that oil wealth is associated with weaker democracy through rentier, repression, and modernization mechanisms. The workhorse method is a cross-country regression of growth or democracy on a measure of resource dependence with controls for the standard determinants of development.	Dependency analysis is a historical-structural framework for explaining the persistent underdevelopment of poorer countries, developed by Latin American and dependency scholars in the 1960s and 1970s. Its founding claim, sharpened by Andre Gunder Frank in 'The Development of Underdevelopment' (1966), is that the poverty of the periphery is not a backward original condition awaiting modernization but is actively produced by the region's subordinate relation to the wealthy center: through colonial and post-colonial trade, the periphery's surplus is siphoned to the metropole via unequal exchange. Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Enzo Faletto, in Dependency and Development in Latin America (1979), gave the tradition its most influential statement by insisting that dependency operates through the internal class structures and political alliances of peripheral societies, producing not stagnation alone but particular, distorted forms of 'associated-dependent' development.	Rent-seeking analysis is the political-economy framework for measuring the social waste created when individuals and firms spend real resources competing for artificially created rents — the extra income generated by monopoly grants, tariffs, licenses, quotas, and other government-conferred privileges — rather than producing new wealth. Gordon Tullock's 1967 article showed that the conventional Harberger triangle drastically understates the cost of monopoly and protection, because the rectangle of monopoly profit, far from being a mere transfer, becomes a prize that competitors will expend resources to capture. Anne Krueger named the activity 'rent-seeking' in 1974 and demonstrated its macroeconomic scale in regulated developing economies. The analysis models the competition for a rent as a contest and asks how much of the prize is dissipated in the struggle to win it.