So sánh phương pháp

	Thu thập dữ liệu khảo sát từ xa	Khảo sát dọc	Khảo sát trực tuyến
Lĩnh vực	Phương pháp luận khảo sát	Phương pháp luận khảo sát	Phương pháp luận khảo sát
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1970s–present (formalised by Dillman 1978; expanded to internet surveys 2000s)	1940s (panel survey tradition); longitudinal designs codified mid-20th century	Mid-1990s (widespread scholarly adoption ~1995–2000)
Người khởi xướng	Don A. Dillman (Tailored Design Method for mail/remote surveys)	Established tradition; formalized in social science by Paul Lazarsfeld and colleagues (1940s panel studies)	Mick P. Couper, Don A. Dillman (early systematic frameworks)
Loại	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique	Quantitative / mixed-methods survey design	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique
Công trình gốc	Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118456149	Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922292	Couper, M. P. (2000). Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64(4), 464–494.
Tên gọi khác	distance survey, self-administered remote questionnaire, remote questionnaire, distributed survey	panel survey, repeated-measures survey, longitudinal panel study, wave survey	web survey, internet survey, e-survey, computer-assisted web interviewing
Liên quan	6	3	6
Tóm tắt	A remote survey is a structured data collection method in which respondents complete a questionnaire without the researcher being physically present. Delivered via mail, telephone, email, web platforms, or mobile apps, it enables researchers to reach geographically dispersed samples at relatively low cost. The method is central to social-science, public-health, and organisational research and is codified in Dillman's widely used Tailored Design Method.	A longitudinal survey collects structured questionnaire data from the same individuals or units at two or more distinct points in time. By tracking the same respondents across waves, researchers can distinguish genuine change from stable individual differences, establish temporal ordering between variables, and model trajectories of attitudes, behaviors, or outcomes in ways that a single cross-sectional snapshot cannot support.	An online survey is a structured data collection instrument hosted on a web platform and completed by respondents via internet-connected devices. It enables large-scale, geographically dispersed data gathering at low cost and with rapid turnaround. Respondents self-administer the questionnaire at their convenience, which reduces interviewer bias and permits automatic data capture. Online surveys are the dominant mode of survey research in social, behavioural, health, and market research today.