So sánh phương pháp

	Học tăng cường	Phương pháp độ dốc chính sách
Lĩnh vực	Học sâu	Học máy
Họ	Machine learning	Machine learning
Năm ra đời	1950s–1998	1992
Người khởi xướng	Sutton, R. S. & Barto, A. G. (formalised); Bellman, R. (foundations)	Ronald Williams (REINFORCE); Sutton et al. (policy gradient theorem)
Loại	Sequential decision-making framework	Policy-based reinforcement learning
Công trình gốc	Sutton, R. S. & Barto, A. G. (2018). Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction (2nd ed.). MIT Press. ISBN: 978-0-262-03924-6	Williams, R. J. (1992). Simple statistical gradient-following algorithms for connectionist reinforcement learning. Machine Learning, 8(3–4), 229–256.
Tên gọi khác	RL, reward-based learning, trial-and-error learning, policy optimization	REINFORCE, actor-critic, policy optimization, politika gradyanı
Liên quan	2	4
Tóm tắt	Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a framework in which an agent learns to make sequential decisions by interacting with an environment, receiving scalar reward signals, and updating a policy to maximise cumulative future reward. Unlike supervised learning, no labeled examples are provided; the agent discovers optimal behavior entirely through experience and delayed feedback.	Policy gradient methods are reinforcement-learning algorithms that optimize a parameterized policy directly by gradient ascent on the expected return, rather than learning action-values and acting greedily. Founded on Ronald Williams' 1992 REINFORCE algorithm and the policy gradient theorem of Sutton and colleagues (2000), they naturally handle stochastic and continuous action spaces and underpin modern actor-critic and deep-RL algorithms.