So sánh phương pháp

	Nghiên cứu độ chính xác chẩn đoán tiềm năng	Thiết kế nghiên cứu độ chính xác chẩn đoán
Lĩnh vực	Dịch tễ học	Nghiên cứu lâm sàng
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	Formalized 2000s; practice dates to mid-20th century	2003-2015
Người khởi xướng	Established through STARD initiative (Bossuyt, Reitsma et al., 2000s)	Bossuyt, Reitsma, and STARD group (2003); clinical epidemiology pioneers
Loại	Observational / evaluative study design	Research Design
Công trình gốc	Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L., ... & Cohen, J. F. (2015). STARD 2015: an updated list of essential items for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies. BMJ, 351, h5527.	Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L. M., ... & de Vet, H. C. (2003). Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative. Annals of Internal Medicine, 138(1), 40–44.
Tên gọi khác	prospective DTA study, prospective test accuracy study, forward-looking diagnostic study, prospective index test evaluation	diagnostic accuracy study, test accuracy, STARD, diagnostic evaluation
Liên quan	6	2
Tóm tắt	A prospective diagnostic accuracy study enrolls participants before any test results are known and follows them forward in time to evaluate how well an index test (the test under evaluation) distinguishes individuals with and without a target condition, using a reference standard applied independently. Key accuracy metrics include sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the area under the ROC curve. The prospective design reduces many biases inherent in retrospective test evaluations.	A diagnostic accuracy study evaluates how well a new diagnostic test (or biomarker, imaging modality, clinical assessment) detects the presence or absence of disease compared to a reference standard (gold standard). Standardized since 2003 by the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) initiative, diagnostic accuracy studies are fundamental to clinical medicine, determining whether and how new tests can improve patient diagnosis and treatment.