So sánh phương pháp

	Thí nghiệm Yếu tố Toàn diện Thực dụng	Thí nghiệm toàn yếu tố
Lĩnh vực	Thiết kế thí nghiệm	Thiết kế thí nghiệm
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1920s (factorial); 1967/2009 (pragmatic framework)	1926 (Fisher's foundational paper); codified by the 1950s–1960s
Người khởi xướng	Full factorial: R.A. Fisher (1920s); Pragmatic framing: Schwartz & Lellouch (1967), formalized by Thorpe et al. (2009)	Ronald A. Fisher
Loại	Experimental design	Experimental design
Công trình gốc	Thorpe, K. E., Zwarenstein, M., Oxman, A. D., Treweek, S., Furberg, C. D., Altman, D. G., ... & Chalmers, I. (2009). A pragmatic-explanatory continuum indicator summary (PRECIS): a tool to help trial designers. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 62(5), 464-475.	Box, G. E. P., Hunter, J. S., & Hunter, W. G. (2005). Statistics for Experimenters: Design, Innovation, and Discovery (2nd ed.). Wiley-Interscience. ISBN: 978-0471718130
Tên gọi khác	pragmatic factorial trial, real-world full factorial design, effectiveness full factorial experiment, pragmatic 2^k experiment	full factorial design, complete factorial design, 2^k factorial design, FFD
Liên quan	6	6
Tóm tắt	A pragmatic full factorial experiment combines the complete crossing of all factor levels (the full factorial structure) with the broad eligibility criteria, flexible delivery, and real-world conditions of a pragmatic trial. Every possible combination of factors is tested simultaneously, yielding both main effects and all interaction effects, while deliberately relaxing strict laboratory controls to reflect how interventions actually operate in practice.	A full factorial experiment runs every possible combination of all chosen factor levels, making it the gold standard for simultaneously estimating main effects, two-way interactions, and higher-order interactions among multiple independent variables. Introduced through Ronald Fisher's foundational work on factorial designs in the 1920s and systematised by Box, Hunter, and Montgomery, it provides complete information about how factors act individually and in combination on an outcome.