So sánh phương pháp

	Phát triển thang đo đa cấp	Lý thuyết Ứng đáp Câu hỏi (IRT)
Lĩnh vực	Trắc lượng tâm lý	Trắc lượng tâm lý
Họ	Latent structure	Latent structure
Năm ra đời	1969–1982	1952–1968
Người khởi xướng	Samejima, F.; Masters, G. N. (independently)	Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models)
Loại	Psychometric scale construction	Probabilistic measurement model
Công trình gốc	Embretson, S. E. & Reise, S. P. (2000). Item Response Theory for Psychologists. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805828191	Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley.
Tên gọi khác	polytomous item development, ordered-category scale construction, rating scale development, multi-category item development	IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory
Liên quan	6	5
Tóm tắt	Polytomous scale development is the systematic construction and validation of measurement instruments whose items have three or more ordered response categories — such as Likert-type, rating, or partial-credit items. It applies polytomous item response theory models or ordinal factor analysis methods to evaluate item quality, estimate latent trait levels, and build a psychometrically sound scale.	Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons.