So sánh phương pháp

	Khảo sát thử nghiệm	Khảo sát
Lĩnh vực	Phương pháp luận khảo sát	Phương pháp luận khảo sát
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	Widely formalised from the 1970s-1980s	Late 19th century; systematic social-science use from 1940s
Người khởi xướng	Systematic practice codified by Jean M. Converse and Stanley Presser	Francis Galton, Charles Booth, and early social statisticians; formalised by Paul Lazarsfeld in the 1940s
Loại	Survey design and validation procedure	Quantitative (primarily) or mixed-methods data-collection instrument
Công trình gốc	Converse, J. M., & Presser, S. (1986). Survey Questions: Handcrafting the Standardized Questionnaire. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803925557	Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118456149
Tên gọi khác	pre-tested survey, survey pre-testing, questionnaire pilot study, survey field test	questionnaire survey, survey research, self-report survey, questionnaire study
Liên quan	6	6
Tóm tắt	A pilot-tested survey is a structured questionnaire that has been administered to a small, representative sample before the main data-collection phase. The purpose is to detect problems with wording, response options, skip logic, or timing, allowing the researcher to refine the instrument before it reaches the full sample. Pilot testing is not a separate research design; it is a quality-assurance step embedded within survey methodology that substantially reduces measurement error.	A survey is a systematic data-collection method in which a standardised set of questions is posed to a sample of respondents to measure attitudes, behaviours, demographics, or other constructs. Surveys can be administered via paper, telephone, online platforms, or face-to-face. They are among the most widely used instruments in social, behavioural, health, and educational research because they can reach large, geographically dispersed samples at relatively low cost.