So sánh phương pháp

	Thang đo Nhận dạng Đảng phái	Thang đo Ý thức hệ Chính trị
Lĩnh vực	Tâm lý học chính trị	Tâm lý học chính trị
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1960	1990
Người khởi xướng	Angus Campbell et al.	Hans-Dieter Klingemann & Norberto Bobbio
Loại	Self-report	Self-report
Công trình gốc	Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E., & Stokes, D. E. (1960). The American voter. New York: John Wiley & Sons.	Fuchs, D., & Klingemann, H. D. (1990). The left-right schema. In M. Kent Jennings & Jan W. Van Deth (Eds.), Continuities in political action. Berlin: De Gruyter.
Tên gọi khác	PAS, Party Identification, Partisan Strength	Left-Right Scale, Ideology Continuum, Political Spectrum Scale
Liên quan	3	3
Tóm tắt	The Partisan Identity Scale measures strength and direction of psychological attachment to a political party, encompassing both party preference and emotional party identification. Foundational since Campbell et al.'s American Voter (1960), the measure distinguishes party affiliation (which party one is registered with) from party identification (psychological identity with a party as a social group). Partisan identity is among the strongest predictors of voting behavior, political attitudes, and interpretation of political information, functioning as a 'perceptual filter' through which voters process news.	The Political Ideology Scale measures individual self-placement on a left-right political spectrum, capturing fundamental preferences for government role, economic organization, and social values. The single-item self-placement measure (most common) asks respondents to rate themselves on a 0-10 or 0-100 continuum; multi-item versions assess distinct ideological dimensions (economic policy, social policy, nationalism). The left-right axis remains the dominant organizing principle of political competition globally, predicting party choice, policy preferences, and electoral behavior despite critiques that it oversimplifies multidimensional political space.