So sánh phương pháp

	Phương pháp Ưu tiên Thứ tự	Quy trình Phân tích Thứ bậc
Lĩnh vực	Ra quyết định	Ra quyết định
Họ	MCDM	MCDM
Năm ra đời	1977	1980
Người khởi xướng	Ward Edwards and collaborators	Saaty, T. L.
Loại	Ordinal ranking-based weight derivation	Pairwise comparison (eigenvalue)
Công trình gốc	Edwards, W. (1977). Use of multiattribute utility measurement for social decision making. In D. E. Bell, R. L. Keeney, & H. Raiffa (Eds.), Conflicting objectives in decisions (pp. 247-307). Wiley.	Saaty, T. L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation. McGraw-Hill, New York ISBN: 978-0070543713
Tên gọi khác	OPA, Ordinal Priority	—
Liên quan	4	8
Tóm tắt	The Ordinal Priority Approach (OPA) is a family of methods that derive criteria weights directly from ordinal rankings rather than cardinal (numerical) preferences. Instead of asking decision-makers to assign exact weight values or ratio comparisons, OPA asks only: which criterion is most important, which is second, etc. The method then converts this ordinal ranking into numerical weights using geometric or statistical formulas.	AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is a weight subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Saaty, T. L. in 1980. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.