So sánh phương pháp

	Multiple case-based phenomenology	Hiện tượng học so sánh
Lĩnh vực	Định tính	Định tính
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1990s–2000s	Late 20th century (comparative applications prominent from the 1980s–1990s onward)
Người khởi xướng	Synthesis drawing on Robert Stake (multiple case study) and Edmund Husserl / Clark Moustakas (phenomenology)	Edmund Husserl (foundational); systematised in comparative application by Amedeo Giorgi, Max van Manen, and others
Loại	Qualitative research design	Qualitative comparative research design
Công trình gốc	Stake, R. E. (2006). Multiple Case Study Analysis. Guilford Press. ISBN: 978-1593852481	van Manen, M. (1990). Researching Lived Experience: Human Science for an Action Sensitive Pedagogy. State University of New York Press. ISBN: 978-0791404645
Tên gọi khác	multi-case phenomenology, cross-case phenomenological study, phenomenological multiple case study, comparative phenomenological case inquiry	cross-group phenomenology, multi-group phenomenological study, comparative phenomenological inquiry, contrastive phenomenology
Liên quan	5	4
Tóm tắt	Multiple case-based phenomenology combines the bounded, comparative logic of multiple case study design with the lived-experience focus of phenomenological inquiry. The researcher selects two or more distinct cases — individuals, sites, or groups — who share the same target phenomenon, conducts phenomenological analysis within each case, and then synthesises findings across cases to identify both shared essential structures and case-specific variations. The result is richer and more transferable than a single-case phenomenological study while remaining grounded in the depth that phenomenology demands.	Comparative phenomenology applies phenomenological inquiry to two or more distinct groups, cultures, or contexts, explicitly contrasting how each group lives through and makes meaning of a shared phenomenon. Rather than describing a single unified essence, it reveals both common structures and meaningful differences in lived experience across comparison units. The approach is grounded in Husserlian and hermeneutic phenomenology but extends the standard single-group design into a structured cross-group analysis.