So sánh phương pháp

	Phân tích độ tin cậy đa nhóm	Kiểm định tính bất biến của phép đo đa nhóm
Lĩnh vực	Trắc lượng tâm lý	Trắc lượng tâm lý
Họ	Latent structure	Latent structure
Năm ra đời	1990s–2000s	1971–1993
Người khởi xướng	Classical test theory traditions; synthesized in modern practice by Vandenberg & Lance (2000) and Sijtsma (2009)	Jöreskog, K. G. (1971); Meredith, W. (1993)
Loại	Reliability estimation and comparison	Model comparison / hypothesis testing
Công trình gốc	Vandenberg, R. J. & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70.	Vandenberg, R. J. & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70.
Tên gọi khác	reliability comparison across groups, group-specific reliability estimation, multi-sample reliability analysis, cross-group internal consistency	measurement invariance, factorial invariance, cross-group invariance, MI testing
Liên quan	4	6
Tóm tắt	Multi-group reliability analysis estimates internal consistency or stability coefficients separately within each group and then formally compares them to determine whether a scale functions with equal precision across populations. It is a foundational step in cross-group measurement research, typically carried out alongside or prior to measurement invariance testing.	Multi-group measurement invariance testing examines whether a latent construct is measured in the same way across two or more distinct groups — such as cultures, genders, or age cohorts. It is a prerequisite for meaningful group comparisons of latent means or relationships, ensuring that observed score differences reflect true differences rather than measurement artifacts.