So sánh phương pháp

	Kỹ thuật Đa đầu vào Đa đầu ra (MIMO)	Điều chế phân chia theo tần số trực giao (OFDM)	Định lý dung lượng kênh Shannon
Lĩnh vực	Viễn thông	Viễn thông	Viễn thông
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1995	1971	1948
Người khởi xướng	Telatar, Foschini, and Gans	Weinstein and Ebert	Claude Shannon
Loại	spatial multiplexing technique	multicarrier modulation scheme	fundamental theoretical bound
Công trình gốc	Telatar, I. (1999). Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels. European Transactions on Telecommunications, 10(6), 585-595.	Weinstein, S. B., & Ebert, P. M. (1971). Data transmission by frequency-division multiplexing using the discrete Fourier transform. IEEE Transactions on Communication Technology, 19(5), 628-634.	Shannon, C. E. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27(3), 379-423.
Tên gọi khác	spatial multiplexing, antenna diversity	multicarrier modulation	channel capacity, information theory bound
Liên quan	5	5	5
Tóm tắt	MIMO is a technique that uses multiple transmit and receive antennas to significantly increase channel capacity and reliability. Pioneered theoretically by Telatar (1999) and Foschini & Gans (1998), MIMO exploits multipath propagation—typically a liability in wireless—as an asset by creating independent spatial channels. It is now fundamental to all modern wireless systems including LTE, WiFi-6, and 5G, where it provides both capacity gains through spatial multiplexing and robustness through diversity.	OFDM is a multicarrier modulation technique that divides a wideband channel into many narrowband orthogonal subcarriers. Introduced by Weinstein and Ebert in 1971, it exploits the duality between time and frequency domains to efficiently use spectrum while mitigating intersymbol interference in frequency-selective channels. OFDM is now the standard for high-speed wireless systems including WiFi, cellular LTE, and digital broadcasting.	Shannon's channel capacity theorem, published in 1948, establishes the maximum rate at which information can be reliably transmitted over a noisy channel. Expressed as C = B log2(1 + S/N) for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), it is a fundamental bound in information theory and communications engineering. Shannon proved that reliable communication is possible at any rate below capacity, and impossible above it. This theorem underpins the design of all modern communication systems and motivates coding theory, modulation, and signal processing techniques.