So sánh phương pháp

	Phân tích ẩn dụ	Phân tích diễn ngôn	Phân tích Tường thuật
Lĩnh vực	Định tính	Nghiên cứu định tính	Định tính
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	Theoretical foundation 1980; systematic research applications from 1990s onward	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)	1967 (foundational); 2008 (canonical handbook)
Người khởi xướng	George Lakoff & Mark Johnson (Conceptual Metaphor Theory); Jonathan Charteris-Black (Critical Metaphor Analysis)	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell	Catherine Kohler Riessman (seminal synthesis, 2008); roots in Labov & Waletzky (1967)
Loại	Qualitative research method	Method	Qualitative interpretive method
Công trình gốc	Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors We Live By. University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226468013	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.	Riessman, C.K. (2008). Narrative Methods for the Human Sciences. Sage.
Tên gọi khác	Conceptual Metaphor Analysis, Metaphor Elicitation, Critical Metaphor Analysis, Linguistic Metaphor Analysis	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis	narrative inquiry, life history analysis, biographical research, Anlatı Analizi (Narrative Analysis)
Liên quan	6	2	6
Tóm tắt	Metaphor Analysis is a qualitative method that identifies, classifies, and interprets the metaphors embedded in language to reveal how speakers and writers conceptualise experience, construct meaning, and exercise ideological influence. Grounded in Lakoff and Johnson's Conceptual Metaphor Theory, it treats metaphor not as a literary decoration but as a fundamental cognitive structure — ARGUMENT IS WAR, TIME IS MONEY — that shapes how people think, reason, and act. It is widely applied in psychology, education, political discourse, health communication, and organisational research.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.	Narrative analysis is a qualitative research method, synthesised canonically by Catherine Kohler Riessman (2008), that examines how individuals storise their lived experiences and construct meaning through the telling. Drawing on life history, biographical, and narrative inquiry traditions, it treats the story itself — not just its content — as the unit of analysis, attending to temporal sequence, plot structure, and the social context in which a narrative is produced.