So sánh phương pháp

	Chỉ số Năng suất Malmquist	Phân tích bao dữ liệu mạng (Network DEA)
Lĩnh vực	Phân tích hiệu quả	Phân tích hiệu quả
Họ	Regression model	Regression model
Năm ra đời	1994	2000
Người khởi xướng	Färe, Grosskopf, Norris & Zhang	Färe & Grosskopf
Loại	Non-parametric productivity index	Multi-stage nonparametric efficiency model
Công trình gốc	Färe, R., Grosskopf, S., Norris, M., & Zhang, Z. (1994). Productivity growth, technical progress, and efficiency change in industrialized countries. American Economic Review, 84(1), 66–83.	Färe, R., & Grosskopf, S. (2000). Network DEA. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 34(1), 35–49.
Tên gọi khác	MPI, Malmquist Index, Malmquist DEA Productivity Index, Malmquist Verimlilik Endeksi	Network Data Envelopment Analysis, Network Efficiency Analysis, Multi-Stage DEA, Ağ Veri Zarflama Analizi
Liên quan	1	2
Tóm tắt	The Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) is a non-parametric measure of total factor productivity (TFP) change over time. Formally grounded in distance functions by Caves, Christensen, and Diewert (1982) and operationalized using Data Envelopment Analysis by Färe, Grosskopf, Norris, and Zhang (1994), MPI decomposes productivity growth into two components: efficiency change (catching-up to the frontier) and technical change (shift of the frontier itself).	Network Data Envelopment Analysis (Network DEA) is a nonparametric efficiency measurement framework introduced by Färe and Grosskopf (2000) that extends classical DEA to multi-stage or multi-division production processes. Rather than treating a decision-making unit as a black box, it explicitly models the internal structure — the divisions and the intermediate products that flow between them — enabling stage-level and overall efficiency scores to be estimated simultaneously within a single coherent model.