So sánh phương pháp

	Tính hợp lệ phân biệt theo chiều dọc	Kiểm định Bất biến Đo lường
Lĩnh vực	Trắc lượng tâm lý	Trắc lượng tâm lý
Họ	Latent structure	Latent structure
Năm ra đời	1993–2000	2000
Người khởi xướng	Formalized through SEM-based validity traditions (Campbell & Fiske, 1959; Cole & Maxwell, 1993)	Vandenberg & Lance
Loại	Validity assessment / measurement quality	Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis procedure
Công trình gốc	Cole, D. A. & Maxwell, S. E. (1993). Testing mediational models with longitudinal data: Questions and tips in the use of structural equation modeling. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 112(4), 558–577.	Vandenberg, R. J., & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70.
Tên gọi khác	LDV, longitudinal construct distinctiveness, cross-time discriminant validity, temporal discriminant validity	Factorial Invariance, Measurement Equivalence, Configural-Metric-Scalar Testing, Ölçüm Değişmezliği
Liên quan	4	3
Tóm tắt	Longitudinal discriminant validity tests whether a psychological construct measured at two or more time points is empirically distinct across occasions — ensuring that the same construct does not collapse into a single undifferentiated mass over time. It is a prerequisite for meaningful change modeling in panel and longitudinal research.	Measurement invariance testing is a sequence of nested confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models that examines whether a psychological scale measures the same latent construct in the same way across distinct groups or time points. Systematized and popularized by Vandenberg and Lance (2000), the procedure tests a hierarchy of constraints — from identical factor patterns to identical item intercepts — so that researchers can justify meaningful group comparisons on latent means.