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| Isolation Index× | Gini Coefficient× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Sociology | Sociology |
| Họ | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 1954 | 1912 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Wendell Bell (formalization of P* indices) | Corrado Gini |
| Loại≠ | Exposure-dimension segregation index | Scalar measure of statistical dispersion / inequality |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Bell, W. (1954). A probability model for the measurement of ecological segregation. Social Forces, 32(4), 357–364. DOI ↗ | Ceriani, L., & Verme, P. (2012). The origins of the Gini index: extracts from Variabilità e Mutabilità (1912) by Corrado Gini. The Journal of Economic Inequality, 10(3), 421–443. DOI ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác | P* isolation index, interaction index, exposure index, Bell isolation index | Gini index, Gini ratio, Gini concentration ratio, G |
| Liên quan | 5 | 5 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | The isolation index measures the exposure dimension of segregation: the extent to which members of a minority group are exposed only to one another rather than to members of other groups. It answers the question 'what is the own-group share of the typical neighbor (or classmate, or coworker) that a member of the focal group encounters?' Unlike evenness measures, it depends on the relative size of the group as well as its spatial distribution. | The Gini coefficient is the most widely used single-number summary of inequality in a distribution such as income or wealth. Introduced by the Italian statistician Corrado Gini in 1912, it equals twice the area between the Lorenz curve and the line of perfect equality, ranging from 0 when everyone has the same amount to a maximum approaching 1 when one unit holds everything. |
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