So sánh phương pháp

	Gross Reproduction Rate	Net Reproduction Rate
Lĩnh vực	Nhân khẩu học	Nhân khẩu học
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1928	2001
Người khởi xướng	Richard Böckh (concept) and Robert R. Kuczynski (popularization)	Richard Böckh and Robert Kuczynski (formalized in Preston, Heuveline & Guillot)
Loại	Single-sex summary fertility measure counting daughters per woman	Period measure of generational replacement combining fertility and mortality
Công trình gốc	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512
Tên gọi khác	GRR, Gross reproductive rate, Daughters per woman (without mortality), Brüt Üreme Hızı	NRR, Net reproduction ratio, Net reproductive rate, Net Üreme Hızı
Liên quan	4	4
Tóm tắt	The gross reproduction rate is the average number of daughters a woman would bear over her lifetime if she experienced a given set of age-specific fertility rates and survived through all her childbearing years. It is a single-sex reproduction measure: by counting only daughters, it tracks how a generation of women replaces itself, ignoring the mortality that would thin the next generation. As such it sits between the total fertility rate, which counts all children, and the net reproduction rate, which discounts daughters for the chance of dying before they themselves reproduce.	The net reproduction rate (NRR) is the demographic measure of generational replacement: the average number of daughters a woman would bear who survive to the age their mother was when she bore them, given the period's age-specific fertility rates and female mortality. By combining fertility with survival, the NRR answers the fundamental question of whether a population is replacing itself — an NRR of one means each generation of women exactly reproduces the next, below one signals long-run decline, and above one signals growth.