So sánh phương pháp

	Mô hình Sai số Không gian Toàn cục (SEM)	Tự tương quan không gian
Lĩnh vực	Phân tích không gian	Phân tích không gian
Họ	Regression model	Regression model
Năm ra đời	1988	1950
Người khởi xướng	Luc Anselin	P. A. P. Moran (global measure, 1950); Roy Geary (Geary's C, 1954); Luc Anselin (LISA, 1995)
Loại	Spatial regression model	Spatial statistic / exploratory spatial data analysis
Công trình gốc	Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic Publishers. ISBN: 978-9024737322	Moran, P. A. P. (1950). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37(1/2), 17–23.
Tên gọi khác	SEM, spatial error model, spatial error regression, global SEM	spatial dependence, geographic autocorrelation, spatial clustering measure, SA
Liên quan	5	5
Tóm tắt	The Global Spatial Error Model (SEM) is a spatial regression technique that accounts for spatially autocorrelated error terms using a single, globally constant spatial parameter. It separates genuine predictor effects from spatial nuisance dependence in the residuals, yielding unbiased and efficient coefficient estimates when spatial error correlation is present across all observations.	Spatial autocorrelation quantifies the degree to which a variable's values at nearby locations resemble each other more (positive autocorrelation) or less (negative autocorrelation) than expected by chance. Global indices such as Moran's I summarise the pattern across the entire study area, while local variants reveal clusters and outliers at the level of individual observations.