So sánh phương pháp

	Hệ số C của Geary về Tự tương quan không gian	Mô hình trễ không gian (SAR / Spatial Autoregressive)
Lĩnh vực	Phân tích không gian	Phân tích không gian
Họ	Hypothesis test	Regression model
Năm ra đời	1954	1988
Người khởi xướng	Roy C. Geary	Anselin (textbook formalisation); LeSage & Pace
Loại	Global spatial autocorrelation statistic	Spatial autoregressive regression
Công trình gốc	Geary, R. C. (1954). The contiguity ratio and statistical mapping. The Incorporated Statistician, 5(3), 115–146.	Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic.
Tên gọi khác	Geary contiguity ratio, Geary's contiguity ratio, global spatial autocorrelation, Geary C mekânsal otokorelasyon	SAR model, spatial autoregressive model, spatial lag, Uzamsal Gecikme Modeli (SAR / Spatial Lag)
Liên quan	2	5
Tóm tắt	Geary's C is a global measure of spatial autocorrelation — whether nearby locations tend to have similar values — introduced by Roy Geary in 1954. Unlike Moran's I, which is built on the covariation of values around the mean, Geary's C is built on the squared differences between neighbouring values, making it more sensitive to local, short-range variation. Values below 1 indicate positive spatial autocorrelation (similar neighbours), near 1 indicate randomness, and above 1 indicate negative autocorrelation.	The Spatial Lag Model is an autoregressive regression that assumes spatial dependence in the dependent variable itself: the outcome values of neighbouring units enter the model as an explanatory term (ρWy). It was formalised in Anselin's Spatial Econometrics (1988) and developed further by LeSage and Pace (2009), and it decomposes spillover effects into direct, indirect, and total impacts.