So sánh phương pháp

	Thang đo Trầm cảm ở Người cao tuổi (GDS)	Thang đo Trầm cảm của Trung tâm Nghiên cứu Dịch tễ học (CES-D)	Thang đo Mức độ Khó chịu Tâm lý Kessler-10 (K10)
Lĩnh vực	Tâm lý học lâm sàng	Tâm lý học lâm sàng	Tâm lý học lâm sàng
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1982	1977	2002
Người khởi xướng	Jerome A. Yesavage, Terry L. Brink, and colleagues	Lenore Sawyer Radloff	Ronald C. Kessler and colleagues
Loại	Age-appropriate depression screening	Community-based depression assessment	Non-specific psychological distress screening
Công trình gốc	Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37-49.	Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401.	Kessler, R. C., Andrews, G., Colpe, L. Y., Hiripi, E., Mroczek, D. K., Normand, S. L., ... & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2002). Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine, 32(6), 959-976.
Tên gọi khác	GDS, GDS-15, GDS-30	CES-D, CESD	K10, K6, Kessler Scale
Liên quan	5	5	5
Tóm tắt	The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a 30-item self-report depression screening instrument specifically designed for older adults. Developed by Yesavage, Brink, and colleagues in 1982, the GDS addresses the unique presentation of depression in aging populations, where symptoms may differ from younger adults. A validated 15-item short form (GDS-15) is widely used in primary care and community settings for rapid screening.	The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item self-report instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in the general population. Developed by Lenore Radloff in 1977, the CES-D was designed for epidemiological research to rapidly identify depression in community samples. It remains a widely used measure in public health, aging research, and longitudinal cohort studies worldwide.	The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10 (K10) is a 10-item self-report measure of non-specific psychological distress and mental health problems. Developed by Kessler and colleagues in 2002, the K10 was designed as an ultra-brief screening instrument for population surveys and epidemiological research. A shorter 6-item version (K6) is also widely used for rapid case identification.